Basic chemicals
Ⅰ acid, alkali and salt
1. Acetic Acid
Acetic acid is commonly used to adjust the pH in the process of clothing washing, or it is used to remove cloth wool and hair with acid cellulase.
2. Oxalic Acid
Oxalic acid can be used to clean rust spots on clothing, but also to wash off the residual potassium permanganate liquid on clothing, or used for clothing after rinsing bleaching.
3. Phosphoric Acid
Caustic soda should not come into contact with the skin and can cause severe burns. Caustic soda can completely dissolve all kinds of animal fibers such as silk and wool. Generally used for the boiling of natural fibers such as cotton, which can remove the fiber
Impurities in the dimension can also be used for mercerization of cotton fiber, clothing washing as a desizing agent, bleaching alkali agent, wash light color effect is stronger than soda ash.
4, Sodium Hydroxide
Some clothing, need to be washed through the light color, can be boiled with soda ash. It can be used to adjust the pH of the solution.
5. Sodium Sulphate of sodium powder
Commonly known as glauberite. It can be used as a dye-promoting agent for dyeing cotton such as direct dyes, reactive dyes, vulcanized dyes, etc. These dyes are specially easy to dissolve in the configured dye solution, but not easy to dye the cotton fiber
Dimension. Because the dye is not easy to suck up, the remaining dye in the foot water is more specialized. The addition of sodium powder can reduce the solubility of the dye in water, thereby increasing the coloring ability of the dye. chromic
The amount can be reduced, and the color of the dye is deepened, improving the dyeing rate and color depth.
6. Sodium Chloride
Salt is commonly used to replace sodium powder as a dye-promoting agent when direct, active, vulcanized dyes are dyed dark, and every 100 parts of salt is equivalent to 100 parts of anhydrous sodium powder or 227 parts of crystal sodium powder.
Ⅱ water softener, PH regulator
1. Sodium Hexametaphosphate
It is a good water softening agent. It can save dye and soap and achieve the effect of water purification.
2. Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate
In clothing washing, it is usually used in combination with sodium dihydrogen phosphate to regulate the PH value of neutral cellulase.
3. Trisodium Phosphate
Generally used for hard water softener, detergent, metal cleaner. Used as a calcining aid for cotton cloth, it can prevent caustic soda in the calcining solution from being consumed by hard water and promote the calcining effect of caustic soda on cotton cloth.
Ⅲ Bleach
1. Sodium Hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite bleaching generally needs to be carried out under alkaline conditions, and this bleaching method is almost gradually phased out at present.
2. Hydrogen Peroxide
Usually fabrics adopt hydrogen peroxide bleaching temperature requirements in 80-100 ° C, high requirements for equipment, higher cost than sodium hypochlorite bleaching, suitable for advanced and high quality products.
3. Potassium Permanganate
Potassium permanganate has a special strong oxidation, oxidation ability in acidic solutions is stronger, is a good oxidizing agent and bleach. In clothing washing, for color removal and bleaching,
For example, spray PP (monkey), hand sweep PP (monkey), stir-fry PP (pickling, stir-fry snow), is one of the most important chemicals.
Ⅳ Reducing agents
1. Sodium Thiosulphate of baking soda
Commonly known as Hai Bo. In clothing washing, clothes rinsed by sodium hypochlorite should be bleached with baking soda. This is due to the strong reducibility of baking soda, which can reduce substances such as chlorine gas.
2. Soium Hyposulphite
Commonly known as low sodium sulfite, it is a strong reducing agent for the stripping of dyes, and the PH value is stable at 10.
3, Sodium Metabisulfite
Due to its low price, it is widely used in the clothing washing industry for neutralization after potassium permanganate bleaching.
Ⅴ biological enzymes
1. Desizing Enzyme
Denim clothing contains a lot of starch or denatured starch paste. The desizing effect of desizing enzyme is that it can catalyze the hydrolysis of starch macromolecular chains, and produce relatively small molecular weight and viscosity
Some low molecular compounds with high solubility are desized by washing to remove the hydrolysate. Amylase can also remove mixed pulp which is usually starch based. Desizing enzyme
It is characterized by high conversion power to starch, which can completely destroy starch without damaging cellulose, which is a special advantage of the specificity of the enzyme. It provides full desizing function,
Contribute to the stability and fluency of clothing after processing.
2. Cellulase
Cellulase is selectively used in cellulose fibers and cellulose fiber derivatives, can improve the surface properties and color of textiles, produce a copy of the old effect, and can remove the dead fabric surface
Cotton and lint; It can degrade cellulose fibers and make the fabric feel soft and comfortable. Cellulase can dissolve in water, and has good compatibility with wetting agent and cleaning agent, but it is encountered with reducing agent,
Oxidants and enzymes are less effective. According to the requirements of the ph value of the water bath during the washing process, cellulase can be divided into acidic cellulase and neutral cellulase.
3. Laccase
Laccase is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase, which can catalyze the REDOX reaction of phenolic substances. NOVO genetically engineered Aspergillus Niger to produce Denilite laccase by deep fermentation
II S, can be used to decolorize denim indigo dyes. Laccase can catalyze the oxidation of insoluble indigo dyes, decompose indigo molecules, and play a role in fading, thus changing the appearance of indigo dyed denim.
The application of laccase in denim washing has two aspects
① Replace or partially replace cellulase for enzyme washing
② Rinse instead of sodium hypochlorite
Using the specificity and efficiency of laccase for indigo dye, rinsing can achieve the following effects
① Give the product a new appearance, a new style and a unique finishing effect ② enhance the degree of abrading products, provide rapid abrading process
③ Maintain the best strong denim finishing process
④ Easy to manipulate, good reproducibility.
⑤ Green production.
Ⅵ Surfactants
Surfactants are substances with fixed hydrophilic and oleophilic groups, which can be oriented on the surface of the solution, and can significantly reduce the surface tension of the solution. Surfactants in industrial production and
It has a wide range of applications in daily life, and its important functions are wetting, solubilizing, emulsifying, foaming, defoaming, dispersing, decontamination and so on.
1. Wetting agent
Non-ionic wetting agent is not suitable for co-bath of more sensitive substances such as enzymes, which can increase the penetration of enzyme molecules to the fabric and improve the effect during desizing. Add during the soft finishing process
Non-ionic wetting agent can significantly improve the softening effect.
2. Anti-stain agent
The anti-dye agent is composed of polyacrylic acid polymer compound and non-ionic surfactant, which can prevent indigo dye, direct dye and reactive dye from affecting the clothing label and pocket in the washing process
The dyeing of cloth, embroidery, applique and other parts can also prevent the staining of color in the washing process of printed cloth and yarn-dyed cloth. It is suitable for the whole enzymatic washing process of denim clothing. The stain inhibitor not only has a super
Strong anti-stain effect, but also has extraordinary desizing and cleaning function, with cellulase bath, can promote cellulase, greatly improve the degree of denim clothing washing, shorten
When washing, reduce the amount of enzyme by 20%-30%. The composition and composition of the anti-dye products produced by various manufacturers are not the same, and there are various dosage forms such as powder and water agent for sale.
3. Detergent (soap oil)
It not only has super anti-stain effect, but also has extraordinary desizing function and washing function. When used for enzymatic washing of leisure clothing, it can remove floating color and improve permeability for enzyme
After washing, it can obtain a clean and bright gloss on the cloth. Soapy soap is a common detergent used in clothing washing, and its performance can be evaluated by testing the dispersing power, emulsifying power and detergency.
Ⅶ auxiliaries
1. Color fixing agent
After dyeing cellulose fibers with direct dyes and reactive dyes, if washed directly, it will cause color shifting of unfixed dyes. In order to prevent this from happening and achieve the desired color fastness,
Usually textiles need to be fixed after dyeing. Color fixing agent is an important compound to improve the binding fastness of dyes and textiles. The existing color fixing agents are divided into: dicyandiamide color fixing agents,
Polymer quaternary ammonium salt color fixing agent.
2. Bleaching AIDS
① Spandex chlorine bleaching agent
Chlorine bleaching agent used in the same bath with sodium hypochlorite can prevent tensile filament damage caused by bleaching
The wound and the fabric turned yellow after washing
② Hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer
Hydrogen peroxide bleaching under alkaline conditions will also cause damage to cellulose oxidation, resulting in a decrease in fiber strength. Therefore, when bleaching hydrogen peroxide, the effective decomposition of hydrogen peroxide must be manipulated,
It is generally necessary to add a stabilizer to the bleaching solution.
③ Hydrogen peroxide bleaching synergist used together with caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide has special effect on bleaching decolorization of vulcanized black dyed denim clothing.
④ manganese removal agent (neutralizer)
Manganese dioxide remains on the surface of denim fabric after potassium permanganate treatment, which must be clear and clean in order to make the bleached fabric show bright color and appearance, this process is also called neutralization. its
The important ingredient is reducing agent.
3, resin finishing agent
The role of resin finishing
Cellulose fiber fabrics, including cotton, linen, viscose fabrics, comfortable to wear, moisture absorption good, but easy to deform, shrink, wrinkle, crisp poor. Because with the action of water and external forces,
There is relative slip between the amorphous macromolecular chains in the fiber, when the sliding macromolecular chains are removed by water or external force, when the sliding macromolecules are removed by water or external force
Unable to return to the original position, causing wrinkles. After resin treatment, the garment is crisp, not easy to wrinkle and deformation, and can be ironed without pressing. In addition to anti-wrinkle, the crepe in denim washing,
The crepe pressing process also requires resin to set, and the resin can keep the wrinkling effect unchanged for a long time. The application of resin finishing technology in clothing washing should include the following points: such as 3D cat beard and knee effect
Fixing color: At present, the Italian GARMON & BOZETTO company and the German Tanatex almost apply this technology to the finishing of the RAW effect of denim, which Tanatex company also specializes in opening
The color preserving process of Smart-Fix is developed, which makes the primary color denim finished by resin have the effect of raw grey cloth without treatment, and solves the problem of poor color fastness of the primary color denim
Make denim with ironing free effect. Improve the color fastness of clothing. In the clothing coloring process, the color fastness of the fabric after low temperature coloring is generally poor, and it can now be treated with resin and fuel, which can not only improve the fabric
The color fastness of the coat can also treat the effect of non-ironing and styling on the fabric. Clothing spray color more use resin and fuel mixed and then spray color.
Commonly used resin finishing agent
Di-Methylol Di-Hydroxy Ethylene Urea DMDHEU.
① Cat must press crepe resin
3-in-1 cat special resin: durable treatment of textiles, widely used in cotton, cotton and chemical
Crepe finishing of fiber blended fabrics and cat’s whisk processing of thick and thin denim containing cotton fibers.
② Resin finishing catalyst
③ Fiber protective agent
④ Additives to improve fabric strength
Ⅷ antistatic agent
Hazard of static electricity
Clothing and human body adsorption; Fabric attracts dust easily; There is a tingling sensation in the underwear; Synthetic fibre
The fabric produces an electric shock.
Antistatic agent products
Antistatic agent P, antistatic agent PK, antistatic agent TM, antistatic agent SN.
Ⅸ softening agent
1, the role of softener
When the softener is applied to the fiber and absorbed, it can improve the luster of the fiber surface.
Applied to the surface of the textile to improve softness. The softener acts as a lubricant that is adsorbed on the surface of the fibers and is therefore able to reduce the interaction between the fibers while raising them
The smoothness of the fibers and their mobility.
① The performance remains stable during processing
② Can not reduce the whiteness and color fixation of clothing
③ It can not be yellow and discolored when heated
④ After storage for a period of time, it can not cause changes in the color and feel of the product
2. Softener products
Cold water decoction, hot melt non-ionic film, fluffy softener, bright softener, moisturizing soft
Oil, anti-yellowing silicone oil, anti-yellowing softener, permeating silicone oil, smoothing silicone oil, hydrophilic silicone oil.
Ⅹ Fluorescent whitening agent
Fluorescent whitening agent is a preparation that uses the optical effect to increase the whiteness of fabrics under the sun, so it is also called optical whitening agent, which is close to colorless dyes.
The fluorescent whitening agent used for clothing washing and white should be a cotton whitening agent, which is divided into blue whitening agent and red whitening agent.
Ⅺ Other chemical agents
Abrasive agent: Stone grinding treatment for light fabrics, can replace pumice stone, to avoid damage to the fabric and stone marks, scratches.
Stone grinding powder: a good substitute for pumice stone, the effect is better than grinding agent.
Sand washing powder: produces fluff effect on the surface.
Stiffening agent: strengthens the sense of thickness.
Fuzz agent: enhance the fuzz feel of clothing, and can be dissolved with enzyme preparations. Coating: According to the weight and effect requirements of the clothing during operation, with different proportions of coating water,In addition, 10% of the solid paste is added to create irregular patterns in the parts of the garment that need to be sprayed by spraying or dropping or drawing with a pen.
Post time: Jan-24-2024
