1. Acids
vitriol
Molecular formula H2SO4, colorless or brown oily liquid, strong oxidizing agent, corrosive machine is extremely absorbent, a large amount of heat release in water, the acid must be added to the water when diluted, and can not be carried out the opposite, used as acid dyes, acid medium dyes, acid chrome dyes dyeing aid, wool carbonizing agent.
Acetic acid
Molecular formula CH3COOH, short for HAC, colorless transparent irritating smelly liquid, freezing point 14 degrees, corrosive, can burn the skin, used as a weak acid bath acid dye, acid medium dye, neutral complexing dye assistant
Formic acid
Molecular formula HCOOH, colorless transparent irritating smelly liquid, reductive, highly corrosive, easy to freeze in cold weather, formic acid steam can be burned, toxic, used as acid dyes, acid medium dyes dyeing aid.
Oxalic acid
Molecular formula H2C2O4.2H2O, white crystal, can be differentiated into white powder in dry air, strong acid, toxic, easy to decompose and be oxidized, slightly soluble in cold water, easily soluble in hot water, ethanol and ether, used to wash iron rust stains.
Oleic acid
Molecular formula C17H33COOH, scientific name octaenoic acid, industrial oleic acid is mainly plant and animal acid, lighter than water transparent oily liquid, can be solidified into needle-like crystals when cooling, the melting point is about 14 degrees, used to make oleic acid soap and shrinking agent.
Tannic acid
Molecular formula C14H10O9, industrial powdered tannic acid content 65%-85%, liquid generally contains 30%-35%, powdered yellow or light yellow amorphous light powder, gradually black in the air, liquid tannic acid is a dark brown thick liquid, the concentration is about 20-22 degrees Be, long time exposure to the air to decompose, Produce light brown precipitate, soluble in hot water, insoluble in cold water, and spit tartar used as a weak acid bath acid dye, neutral complexing dye nylon color fixing agent.
2. Alkalis
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)
Molecular formula NaOH, sodium hydroxide content solid 95-99.5%, liquid 30-45%, solid sodium hydroxide is white, easy to deliquize, soluble in water release high heat, highly corrosive, can make animal fibers broken, can cause severe burns to the skin, easy to automatically absorb carbon dioxide from the air into sodium carbonate, container should be bees, It is used as a solvent for reducing dyes and as a cleaning agent for removing the color after bulk dyeing.
Sodium carbonate (soda ash)
Molecular formula Na2CO3, anhydrous sodium carbonate is a color powder or fine granular, absorbs water and carbon dioxide in the air, clumps and forms sodium bicarbonate, soluble in water, aqueous sodium carbonate has one part water, seven parts water, ten parts water three. Used as wool washing aid, direct dye, vulcanized dye dyeing cotton and viscose fiber dyeing aid, reactive dye fixing agent, wool carbonization neutralizer.
Ammonium hydroxide (ammonia water)
Molecular formula NH4OH, colorless transparent or slightly yellow liquid, has a irritating odor, can make people cry, should be held in a sealed container, easy to decompose into ammonia when heated, the volume expansion is easy to burst the container, be careful not to make the container of ammonia heated or direct sunlight. Used as a washing aid, neutralizing agent after dyeing with acid complexing dyes.
Triethanolamine
Molecular formula N(OH2CH2OH)3, colorless viscous liquid, slightly ammonia odor, easily yellow when exposed to air, hygrhygability, soluble in water, corrosive to copper and aluminum, used as a neutralizer for urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin initial condensation.
Hydrogen peroxide
Molecular formula H2O2, industrial water solution containing 30-40%, colorless or light yellow irritating liquid, easy to decompose oxygen, if there is a small amount of acid in the solution, the solution is relatively stable, so a small amount of acetic acid or phosphoric acid in the product manufacturers, such as adding ammonia or other alkali to the solution, oxygen quickly, has a strong oxidation capacity, Concentrated solution can cause skin irritation, because stored in a cool dark ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight, used as bleach.
Sodium dichromate
Molecular formula Na2Cr7O7.2H2O, sodium bichromate content of about 98%, bright orange-red crystal, is an oxidizing agent, acid by high heat release oxygen, easy to damp, red, toxic, should be placed in a sealed container, used as an acidic medium dye mordant, sulphur dye after dyeing oxidizing agent.
Potassium bichromate
Molecular formula K2Cr2O7, orange red crystal, is an oxidizing agent, not easy to deliquescent, toxic, should be stored in a sealed container, used as a mordant for acid medium dyes.
Potassium permanganate
Molecular formula KMnO4, purple metallic luster granular or acicular crystals, is a strong oxidizing agent, should be stored in a closed container, used for wool shrinkage treatment.
Sodium perborate
Molecular formula NaBO3.4H2O, sodium perborate content 96%, white granular crystal or powder, and then dry cold air stability, and then hot and humid air decomposition of oxygen, moisture is easy to aggregate decomposition, should be stored in a sealed container, used as an oxidizing agent after dyeing viscose fiber with sulfide dye.
Sodium hypochlorite
Molecular formula NaClO, extremely unstable pale yellow solid, soluble in water, the commodity is generally alkaline aqueous solution, colorless to slightly yellow, with pungent odor, corrosive to metals, due to cotton, wool products bleaching and wool shrink resistant finishing agent.
4. Brightener
Fluorescent whitening agent VBL
Stilbene triazine type, belongs to anionic direct dye, his dyeing performance is basically similar to direct dye, can use salt, sodium powder to promote dyeing, slow dyeing with levelling agent, light yellow powder, the color is violet blue, soluble in 80 times the amount of soft water, dissolved water should be slightly alkaline or medium, dye bath with medium or slightly alkaline PH 8-9 is the most suitable, acid resistance to PH 6, Alkali resistant to PH 11, resistant to hard water 300ppm, not resistant to metal ions such as copper and iron, can be mixed with anionic and non-ionic surfactants, direct and acidic anionic dyes, but should not be used with cationic dyes, cationic surfactants and synthetic resin initial body in the same bath, suitable for white or light-colored cellulose products, the amount should be appropriate, Excessive whiteness decreases or even yellows, and it is appropriate to use no more than 0.4% for cellulose fibers.
Fluorescent whitening agent VBU
Styrene triazine type, light yellow powder, the color is blue light purple, soluble in water, anionic, acid resistance to PH2-3, alkali resistance to PH10, can be used with anionic, non-ionic surfactants, cationic dyes, synthetic resin initial bath, but can not be used with cationic dyes and cationic additives in the same bath, suitable for cellulosic fiber whitening, Bleaching in resin finishing and with acidic composition in the same bath.
Fluorescent whitening agent DT
Benzoxazole derivatives, capable of strong acids and alkalis, soluble in ethanol, the color is cyan purple, neutral non-ionizing dispersed yellow white emulsion, can be mixed with water in any proportion, because polyvinyl alcohol is commonly used in emulsion products as a protective colloid, and condensates with various salts, so it is best used in neutral or slightly acidic bath. DT emulsion has been mixed with dispersant N0.5% or so, in storage is settling phenomenon, when used should be fully mixed to ensure the concentration, can be used for polyester, nylon and other fibers and blended fabrics bleaching, after 140-160 degrees, 2 minutes of high temperature treatment in order to fully play the role of whitening.
Fluorescent whitening agent WG
Yellow powder, the color is blue green light, the aqueous solution is neutral, anionic surfactant, acid resistance, hard water resistance, iron and copper have an effect on the white, only dissolved when used, not easy to store the solution, used for wool and nylon whitening.
Fluorescent whitening agent BCD
Pyrazoline, light yellow powder, slightly purple fluorescence, insoluble in water, can be evenly dispersed with water, stable suspension, can also be dissolved in ethanol, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol, ether, etc., non-ionic, its 1% aqueous solution is nearly neutral, used for white acrylic brightening and light-colored fiber brightening.
5. Reductant
Sodium sulfide (alkali sulfide)
Molecular formula Na2S.9H2O, sodium sulfide content 60%, yellow or orange red block, rotten egg odor, easy to absorb moisture in the air and oxidize into sodium thiosulfate, soluble in water is strongly alkaline, corrosive to copper, used as an oxidizing dye solvent.
Insurance powder (sodium hyposulfite)
Molecular formula Na2S2O4, industrial insurance powder content 85-95%, the commodity does not contain crystal water for white fine crystal; The caked powder has a pungent sour taste; Avoid moisture, heat or exposure to the air, to prevent oxidation and other effects of failure, to be stored in a sealed container, moisture-proof, heat-proof, anti-oxidation deterioration; Has a strong reducing power, and water will burn; Used as a stripping agent for dyed fabrics and an agent for removing floating colors after polyester dyeing.
Bleached hair powder
It is a mixture of 60% insurance powder and 40% sodium pyrophosphate, white powder, to be stored in a sealed container, heat, moisture, oxidation and deterioration, easy to cause burning or explosion after heat, is a reducing agent, strong bleaching effect, used with bleached wool, silk and so on.
Glyph powder (glyph block, sodium bisulfate formaldehyde)
Molecular formula NaHSO2.CH2O.2H2O, white powder content 98%, white crystalline powder or block, to be stored in a sealed container, heat, moisture-proof, for wool shrinkage treatment reducing agent, cotton printing industry in the discharge of printing printing reducing agent, dyeing fabric stripping agent.
Sodium bisulfite
Molecular formula NaHSO3, white crystalline or crystalline powder, odor of sulfur dioxide, soluble in water, weakly alkaline water solubility, easy deliquination, oxidized to sulfate in the air, to be stored in a sealed container, used as wool fabric chemical setting agent, wool shrinkage agent.
Sodium sulfite
Molecular formula Na2SO3, soluble in water, easy to be oxidized by air sulfate, easy to lose water to become white crystalline powder, stored in sealed containers, used as wool fabric chemical setting agent and wool shrinkage agent.
6. Salts
Sodium chloride (table salt)
Molecular formula NaCl, white crystalline, deliquescent, used as an accelerant for direct, vulcanized, reactive, reducing dyes, and as a regenerant for ion exchange in water softening.
Sodium acetate
Molecular formula CH3COONa.3H2O, industrial sodium acetate containing three crystalline waters about 60% sodium acetate, soluble in water, easy to weather in the air, anhydrous sodium acetate as a white powder, used as a neutralizer after dyeing acid complex dyes; Cationic dye-dyed acrylic is a buffer to stabilize PH value.
Cupric sulfate
Molecular formula CuSO4.5H2O, containing 5 crystalline water is dark blue crystal, no crystalline water is light blue powder, toxic, soluble in water, used as a fixing agent after direct copper salt dye dyeing.
Ammonium sulfate
Molecular formula (NH4)2SO4, white or micro-yellow small crystals, used as a weak acid bath acid dye, neutral bath acid dye, neutral complexing dye dyeing agent, urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin catalyst.
Ammonium acetate
Molecular formula CH3COONH4, white crystal or crystalline block, easy delixing, slightly odor, easily soluble in water, aqueous solution is acidic reaction, thermal decomposition into acetic acid and ammonia, usually with acetic acid and ammonia solution, used as a weak acid bath acid dye aid.
Sodium hexametaphosphate
Molecular formula (NaPO3)6, colorless transparent flake or white granular, easy deliquination, in the air will be hydrated, hydrated into disodium phosphate, used as a water softening agent.
Ammonium chloride
Molecular formula NH4Cl, white deliquing crystallization, thermal decomposition into NH3 and HCl, used as a catalyst for resin finishing.
Magnesium chloride
Molecular formula MgCl2.6H2O, white deliquable monoclinic crystal, soluble in water, used as a catalyst for resin finishing.
Sodium pyrophosphate molecular formula Na4P4O7.10H2O, monoclinic crystal, dissolved in water, boiling into disodium hydrogen phosphate, the aqueous solution is alkaline. Used as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide bleaching.
Tartarite (potassium tartrate)
Molecular formula K(SbO)C4H4O6.1/2H2O, potassium tartrate content 98%, colorless transparent crystal or white granular powder, toxic, will be weathered in the air, soluble in water, the aqueous solution is slightly acidic, should be held in a sealed container to prevent from caking, combined with tannic acid as a weak acid bath acid dye, neutral complexing dye dyeing nylon color setting agent.
Sodium sulfate
Molecular formula Na2SO4, the commodity with ten crystalline water crystalline sodium sulfate (transparent crystallization into a block or needle) and sewage sodium sulfate (white powder), odorless, salty and bitter, soluble in water, used as direct dyes, sulfur dyes, reactive dyes, VAT dyes dye promotion agent, slow dyeing agent of acid dyes, synthetic detergent washing wool synergist.
7.Abluent
Mercerizing soap
Is a mixture of fatty acid sodium salt C17H35COONa and C17H33COONa, anionic surfactant, good decontamination and emulsification effect, not resistant to hard water, easy hydrolysis of aqueous solution.
601 Detergent molecular formula CnH2n+1SO3Na, the average number of carbon atoms is 16, anionic surfactant, light yellow brown liquid, easily soluble in water, about alkyl sodium sulfonate (AS) 25%, sodium chloride 5%, water 70%, 1% aqueous solution PH value is 7-9, strong deterring power, acid, alkali, hard water resistance.
Industrial soap
Anionic surfactant, beige powder, easily soluble in water, about containing sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (AAS) 30%, sodium sulfate 68%, water 2%, 1% of the aqueous solution PH value of 7–9, cleaning, penetration, emulsification and other properties are very good, acid, alkali, hard water resistance, moisture absorption resistance is strong, but the ability to prevent dirt in adhesion is poor. It can be improved with a small amount of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Cleaning agent LS (Cleaning agent MA)
Fatty amide p-methoxybenzenesulfonate sodium, anionic surfactant, brown powder, easily soluble in water, 1% aqueous solution is neutral, whether washed in soft water or hard water, its penetration, diffusion performance is good, and has emulsification, leveling effect, acid, alkali, hard water resistance.
209 Detergent
N, N-fatty acyl methyl taurine sodium, anionic surfactant, the solution is neutral, light yellow colloidal liquid, easily soluble in water, 1% aqueous solution PH value of 7.2-8, containing about 20% of washing active matter, washing, levelling, penetration and emulsification ability is good, acid, alkali, hard water resistance.
Detergent 105 (Detergent R5)
It is a mixture of polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether 24%, polyoxyethylene phenyl alkyl phenol ether 10-12%, coconut oil alkyl alkyl amide 24% and water 40%, non-ionic surfactant, light brown liquid, active component 60%, easily soluble in water, 1% aqueous solution PH value of about 9, with wetting, penetration, emulsification, diffusion, foaming, degreasing and other properties.
Ramibon A (613 detergent)
Fatty acyl amino acid sodium, fatty acid chloride and protein hydrolytic products, anionic surfactants, for the thick brown liquid, the general effective component is 40%, easily soluble in water, 1% aqueous solution PH value of about 8, amino acid odor, alkali resistance, hard water resistance, no acid resistance, used as a cleaning agent and emulsifier, poor degreasing power, also do direct dyes, vulcanized dyes homogenizer.
Detergent JU
Ethylene oxide imidazole derivatives, non-ionic surfactants, have good wetting, dispersing, emulsifying and other effects, suitable for washing at low temperature 30-50 degrees, light yellow viscous transparent liquid, 1% aqueous PH value 5-6, hard water resistance, alkali resistance, acid resistance, excellent washing and wetting ability, and have diffusion, emulsification, levelling effect, It can be mixed with various surfactants and dyes, and is often used for cleaning wool fabrics and pre-dyeing treatment of acrylic, which can make cationic dyes dye evenly.
Post time: Jul-01-2024
